Formation of words

 

Day 4: Nouns, Adjectives, Verbs and Adverbs

 

Q1: How do we use these four parts of speech (e.g. success, successful, succeed, successfully) correctly?

 

        If we want to use these four parts of speech correctly, we need to pay attention to the meaning of the sentence in which they are being used. Look at the following sentences:

        如果我們想正確地運用這四個詞類，我們一定要留心句子的意思，如果用錯了詞類，意思便解不通了，例如：

You are beautifully. (你是漂亮地。)

Your successful is impressive. (你的成功地令人讚嘆。)

 

Their meaning is uncertain; but they become understandable if the right part of speech is used:

把詞類改正，現在你便能明白這兩個句子的意思了：

                     You are beautiful. (你是漂亮的。)

                     Your success is impressive. (你的成功令人讚嘆。)

 

 Nouns (e.g. success) are used as subjects or objects. Nouns usually follow articles (a, an, the). They may also follow adjectives or prepositions.

 

 Adjectives (e.g. successful) are used to qualify nouns and are usually used in front of nouns or after the verb to be.

 

 Verbs (e.g. succeed) are usually used after their subjects. They must be used in the right tenses.

 

 Adverbs (e.g. successfully) are used to qualify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. They are used either after verbs or in front of verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.

 

Let's see if you know the words in the table. Although there are 30 nouns, once you understand the rules for forming verbs, adjectives and adverbs, by learning these 30 nouns you will have learnt almost 120 words! And that is why studying the parts of speech is a dramatic way to expand your vocabulary. Starting from today, you should also learn the other forms of each word you learn.

雖然只有30個英文字，但因為你學了動詞﹑形容詞和副詞的組成和用法，你便等於一下子學了差不多120個字。所以，學習一個字的不同詞類是一個有效的提高詞彙的方法。從今天起，你學一個新字，便要一起把它的其他詞類也學了。

 

Chinese Meaning of the Nouns	Nouns	Adjectives	Verbs	Adverbs
1. 能力	ability	able	enable	ably
2. 怒氣	anger	angry	anger	angrily
3. 注意力	attention	attentive	attend	attentively
4. 美麗/美人	beauty	beautiful	beautify	beautifully
5. 信念	belief	believable	believe	believably
6. 勇敢	bravery	brave	brave	bravely
7. 關心/小心	care/carefulness	careful	care	carefully
8. 轉變	change	changeable	change	changeably
9. 選擇	choice	choosy	choose	----------
10. 顏色	colour	colourful	colour	colourfully
11. 勇氣	courage	courageous	encourage	courageously
12. 危險	danger	dangerous	endanger	dangerously
13. 死亡	death	dead	die	deadly
14. 決定	decision	decisive	decide	decisively
15. 不同	difference	different	differ	differently
16. 困難	difficulty	difficult	--------	difficultly
17. 優秀	excellence	excellent	excel	excellently
18. 自由	freedom	free	free	freely
19. 快樂	happiness	happy	--------	happily
20. 健康	health	healthy	heal	healthily
21. 運氣	luck	lucky	--------	luckily
22. 嘈吵聲	noise	noisy	--------	noisily
23. 服從	obedience	obedient	obey	obediently
24. 驕傲	pride	proud	---------	proudly
25. 快	quickness	quick	quicken	quickly
26. 安全	safety	safe	save	safely
27. 強	strength	strong	strengthen	strongly
28. 成功	success	successful	succeed	successfully
29. 甜蜜	sweetness	sweet	sweeten	sweetly
30. 溫暖	warmth	warm	warm	warmly